Recreational Well-Being and Territorial Inequality: A Spatial Analysis of the Economic Value of Urban Ecosystems in Bogotá, Colombia
William Delgado
Rafael Aldana
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Abstract
Urban ecosystem services provide recreational bene-
fits whose access is conditioned by territorial and economic factors. This research calculates the economic value of the Quebrada La Vieja trail (Bogotá) and analyzes the spatial autocorrelation in the distribution of recreational well-being. The methodology is based on the travel cost method (TCM), count models (negative binomial and Poisson), and spatial
econometrics. A survey was applied to 381 visitors, selec-
ted through stratified sampling from 47,816 users. Spatial
dependence was measured using LISA and Moran's index.
The results show a significant negative correlation between
travel cost and visit frequency; likewise, car use and income
increase demand. The negative binomial model showed the
best fit, estimating a consumer surplus of USD 6 per visitor
and an annual benefit of USD 240,000. High-high clusters
were found in Usaquén, Teusaquillo, and Chapinero, and low-low clusters in peripheral areas. The spatial analysis revealed moderate autocorrelation (Moran’s I = 0.231; p < 0.01). It is concluded that urban recreational well-being is conditioned by economic, social, and spatial factors.
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