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Resumen
Este artículo presenta un análisis de la conveniencia de aplicar la Economía del Comportamiento (BE) por parte de investigadores sociales y hacedores de políticas públicas. En los últimos veinte años el número de contribuciones sobre BE ha crecido exponencialmente, tanto en la literatura científica como en informes publicados por organismos internacionales y en las denominadas Behavioral Insight Units (nudge units). Sin embargo, para considerar la BE como una disciplina principal, es necesario estar seguro de que toda esa práctica se corresponde con un enfoque o disciplina distintivo. Este artículo evalúa si podemos considerar que la BE proporciona un enfoque metodológico sólido y único. Hemos analizado veinte artículos relevantes clasificados con la etiqueta “behavioral economics” publicados en los últimos cinco años en revistas destacadas para evaluar si siguen un método único. Según los resultados, el nivel de cumplimiento es alto (84%). Ello amplía las posibilidades de la BE como enfoque para las ciencias sociales, además de reforzar su importancia en el apoyo a la implementación de políticas públicas. Sin embargo, el análisis también aporta algunas observaciones sobre su desarrollo a corto plazo y la consideración de la disciplina como un enfoque homogéneo.
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