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Resumen
El riesgo sistémico causado por el COVID-19 afectó a todos los sectores de la economía y con ello se denotó la vulnerabilidad de algunos sectores en comparación con otros. En este contexto, llamó la atención el choque de oferta experimentado por el sector minero, que, en consecuencia, se tradujo en una alta apreciación de los precios. Vinculado a esto, y con efectos negativos, se produjo en este periodo la devaluación de los precios del petróleo, explicada, entre otros factores, por la guerra de precios entre los países productores. En este sentido, el presente estudio analiza la volatilidad del indicador bursátil brasileño considerando los precios de los productos antes mencionados y la cotización del dólar. Los resultados muestran la importancia de la formación de precios de estos mercados en la variación del indicador de la Bolsa de Brasil, y la apreciación de los precios del petróleo y el mineral Brent cotizados en el mercado de minerales básicos de Dalian (China) deriva en que el indicador Ibovespa vaya en la misma dirección. Además, en términos estadísticos, el estudio destaca la gran importancia del precio de la moneda extranjera como determinante en la variación del indicador de Ibovespa y, consecuentemente, con efectos en la intención de inversión.
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